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词源上来说,英语不定冠词an/a 来自“一”的意思,这个来源跟印欧语系很多语言是一样的;a 应该是后起的省略形式,语法范畴跑偏了,这点上跟印欧语系众多语言是不同的,它们多数是用来区分语法性,而英语居然来区分元音、辅音了,有点low哈。
印欧语系各语言的不定冠词的例子:
法语:不定冠词:un(阳), une (阴);一:un(e)
德语:不定冠词:ein(阳/中), eine(阴);一:ein
意大利语:不定冠词:un(阳), una (阴);一:uno, una
西班牙语:不定冠词:un(阳), una (阴);一:uno, una,un
荷兰、挪威、瑞典等国可能是妇女解放运动比较彻底,阴阳性在不定冠词上已经不区别了。
荷兰语:不定冠词:een;一:een
挪威语:不定冠词:en(阳/阴), et (中),ei(阴,弃用了);一:en
瑞典语:不定冠词:en(阳/阴), ett (中);一:ett
Ted Mosby 1小时前 0条评论 0 赞 0 踩
就知道一定会有人说an在元音前发音方便。。
确实方便,但并不是产生a和an两种变体的原因。
因为an才是原型。
indefinite article, mid-12c., a variation of Old English an (see an) in which the -n- began to disappear before consonants, a process mostly complete by mid-14c. The -n- also was retained before words beginning with a sounded -h- until c. 1600; it still is retained by many writers before unaccented syllables in h- or (e)u-, but is now no longer normally spoken as such. The -n- also lingered (especially in southern England dialect) before -w- and -y- through 15c.
所以说an在辅音前不好发音,所以要去掉辅音结尾n,而本身在元音前保留。这才是原因。
这和意大利语的un如出一辙,只不过剧情相反。un来自uno,后者来自拉丁语unus。uno在大部分单辅音和元音前不便发音,于是去掉了-o的结尾。后来un反而占了主流,成了“正常形式”。
相同的情况也出现在拉丁语,ab、ex在辅音前会变成a、e,也是因为不方便。 Icarus 1小时前 0条评论
确实方便,但并不是产生a和an两种变体的原因。
因为an才是原型。
indefinite article, mid-12c., a variation of Old English an (see an) in which the -n- began to disappear before consonants, a process mostly complete by mid-14c. The -n- also was retained before words beginning with a sounded -h- until c. 1600; it still is retained by many writers before unaccented syllables in h- or (e)u-, but is now no longer normally spoken as such. The -n- also lingered (especially in southern England dialect) before -w- and -y- through 15c.
所以说an在辅音前不好发音,所以要去掉辅音结尾n,而本身在元音前保留。这才是原因。
这和意大利语的un如出一辙,只不过剧情相反。un来自uno,后者来自拉丁语unus。uno在大部分单辅音和元音前不便发音,于是去掉了-o的结尾。后来un反而占了主流,成了“正常形式”。
相同的情况也出现在拉丁语,ab、ex在辅音前会变成a、e,也是因为不方便。 Icarus 1小时前 0条评论
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